当前我国科研事业正从引进吸收、跟踪跟进阶段向原始创新、自立自强阶段转型、跃升，科研难度陡然增高，“管理者通吃”、唯“帽子”至上的科研体系根本无法胜任。只有弘扬科学精神，实事求是地直面挑战，破除顽瘴痼疾，才能实现既定目标。基于弘扬科学精神、工匠精神和互联网及人工智能的深度应用，探讨如何实现愿景驱动的自组织科研。愿景驱动在科技发展的宏观、中观、微观三个层面发挥作用，愿景引导“森林”发展，助力“树木”自由生长。破立结合，两全其美，既保障学术自由、科学家主导，又坚持“四个面向”,早日实现科技自立自强。最后以科技人才评价改革为突破口，提出启动方案。

Scientific research in China is transforming from the introduction，absorption and follow－up stage to the original innovation and self－strength-ening stage．During this period，the difficulty of scientific research will rise sharply，and the scientific research system characterized by“manager－takes－all”and“title only”could not be competent with the new development era．We can achieve our goals by pursuing the scientific spirit，facing challen-ges honestly and overcoming stubborn problems．Based on the developing scientific spirit，craftsman spirit and the profound application of the Internet andAI，this paper discusses how to realize a vision－driven self－organizing scientific research system．Vision－driven science plays a role in the macro，me-so and micro levels of scientific and technological development．Vision guides the cultivation of“forest”(science community)and helps the free growth of“trees”(individual scientist)．Vison－driven science can help us deepen the science and technology system reform that guarantees both academic free-doms and adheres to the“four directions”to achieve Sci－tech self－reliance and self－strengthening at higher levels．Finally，this paper puts forward aplan based on the evaluation reform of scientific and technological talents．