为了解不同类型铜鼓合金成分及显微组织特征，使用扫描电镜、金相显微镜对广西民族博物馆馆藏15面铜鼓进行分析检测，并结合前人研究成果，讨论各类型铜鼓合金配比与铸造工艺特征。分析结果显示，石寨山型鼓为铜锡合金;北流型、冷水冲型与灵山型鼓为铜锡铅合金且铅锡含量较高，合金配比稳定;麻江型鼓锡含量均高，铅含量波动较大。显微组织观察显示，1面石寨山型鼓局部有滑移带及再结晶组织，2面麻江型鼓局部有滑移带，其余鼓全为铸态组织，α固溶体晶间分布(α+δ)共析体，皆有硫化物夹杂，多数存在数量不等的铅颗粒弥散或聚集分布，部分样品可见富铁相、氧化亚铜、自由铜颗粒。7面麻江型鼓均见较多缩松，位于样品截面中部。分析结果反映的不同类型铜鼓合金配比、夹杂物、铸造缺陷特征，可为铜鼓铸造技术研究提供基础资料。

In our study，in order to understand the alloy compositions and microstructural characteristics of different types of bronze drums，scanning electron microscopy and metallographic microscopy were used to inspect and analyze fifteen bronze drums in the collection of the Anthropology Museum of Guangxi．Our results and previous research results of the alloy proportions and casting process characteristics of various types of bronze drums are further discussed here．The alloy composition results show that 1)the Shizhaishan－type bronze drum was made from Cu－Sn alloy，with a high tin and lead－free alloy ratio; 2)the Beiliu－type，Lengshuichong－type and Lingshan－type bronze drums were made from Cu－Sn－Pb alloys with relatively higher contents of lead and tin，and they have the characteristics of stable alloy ratios，use of stamping patterns，and small fluctuations of the height－diameter ratio; 3)the Majiang－type bronze drum has a high tin content and a large fluctuation in lead content．The microstructural observation shows that one Shizhaishan－type drum has slip bands and recrystallized structures，two Majiang－type drums have local slip bands，and the other drums are all as－cast structures，with the intergranular distribution of the (α+δ) eutectoid in the α solid solution，all having sulfide inclusions，and most of them have dispersed or aggregated distributions of lead particles of varying amounts，and high－iron phases，cuprous oxide and copper particles can be seen in some samples．Seven Majiang－type drums present more microscopic shrinkage holes located in the middle of the sections．The alloy ratios，inclusions and casting defects of different types of bronze drums reflected in the analysis results of this study could provide basic information for the research on bronze drum casting techniques．